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Materials Characterization Testing Services

	Technique	What Property Does It Measure?	What Is The Information Used For?
Physicochemical Properties	Inverse Gas Chromatography (iGC)	Surface energy	• Determination of surface interactions within formulations • Studying effects of processing techniques e.g. blending, milling • Assessing manufacturability, processability, aging, dissolution kinetics • Studying drug-carrier interactions • Optimization of formulation design
	Dynamic Vapor Sorption (DVS)	Solvent interaction, hygroscopicity	• Formulation and packaging design • Determining manufacture conditions • Determining storage and transportation conditions • Studying stoichiometry
	Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy	Chemical structure and identity	• Material identity confirmation • Molecular structure and functional group determination • Drug-excipient interaction determination • Identification of impurities or contamination
	Others	Viscosity, pH, Karl Fisher	Flowability, homogeneity, stability, solubility, dissolution rate, moisture content
Size & Shape	Light Microscopy	Particle size, shape and morphology	• Choosing optimal parameters for other techniques, e.g. laser diffraction • Identifying particle behavior (e.g. agglomeration), and defects (e.g. contamination) • Determining birefringence, crystallinity
	Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)	Particle size, shape, morphology, behavior and interactions	• Nano- and micro-scale size and shape assessment • Visualization of agglomeration and defects • Identification of interactions between drug substance and excipients • Choosing optimal parameters for other techniques, e.g. laser diffraction • Studying the distribution of elements within drug particles (when combined with Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy) • Identification of defects e.g. contamination
	Laser Diffraction	Particle size distribution (PSD)	• Studying the effects of processing e.g. milling • Developing new materials and products with desired PSD for optimal bioavailability, dissolution, absorption • Optimizing manufacturing process
	Dynamic Image Analysis (QICPIC)	Particle size and shape	• Better description of size and shape of non-spherical particles • Identification of unusual particles, e.g. contamination, fibers • Ensuring quality and batch consistency
	Light Obscuration (HIAC)	Particle size	• Performing visible and sub-visible particulate matter testing
Surface	Gas Adsorption Analysis	Specific surface area and porosity	• Understanding dissolution rate, processing, useful shelf-life and bioavailability • Stability of the API / excipient • Selection of appropriate formulation and processing methods • Optimization of drug release rate and targeting
Density	Gas pycnometry	True density and volume	• Ensuring quality and consistency of materials • Supporting other characterization such as gas adsorption and modelling
Density	Bulk & Tap Density	Density, packing properties	• Determine flowability, compressibility, compactability • Determine packing and filling properties of materials
Solid Form Characterization	Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD)	Crystallinity, crystal structure, polymorphism, amorphous content, purity, phase identity	• Phase identification and purity • Quantitative phase analysis • Polymorphism screening and identification of optimal crystalline form • Determination of crystallinity and amorphous content • Determination of batch consistency • Identification of contaminants • Amorphous characterization
	Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)	Solvates, Hydrates, Glass Transition, Melting Point, Thermal Stability	• Determining compatibility and interactions between formulation components • Assessing purity • Amorphous content determination • Glass transition point determination • Support polymorph screening
	Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)	Thermal stability, volatiles content (e.g. moisture, solvent), purity	• Determining hydration / solvation levels • Determining degradation pathways • Developing and optimizing manufacturing processes • Designing packaging and storage conditions
	Hot Stage Microscopy	Melting/boiling point, thermal stability, desolvation, phase transitions, miscibility	• Supporting formulation development • Visualizing crystallization process, desolvation, polymorphism, phase transitions, melting/boiling points, glass transitions • Troubleshooting problems • Supplementing DSC and TGA data • Supporting thermal analysis method development • Cocrystal screening
	Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy	Chemical structure and identity	• Material identity confirmation • Molecular structure and functional group determination • Drug-excipient interaction determination • Identification of impurities and contamination